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ABSTRACT
A new method for centrifugal and mixed-type
compressors flow paths design based on a unique
integrated conceptual design environment is presented in
this article. At the heart of this new method is the
translation of proven, integrated design environments
that have been successfully used for axial
turbomachinery for many years.
This integrated environment is a seamless and swift
processing scheme that incorporates stages aerodynamic
analysis and preliminary design/sizing based on the onedimensional
method interactive spatial blade profiling,
export of blade geometry to CAD and CFD tools, 3D
stress and vibration analysis, and finally, flow modeling.
The design process is demonstrated for a centrifugal
compressor design utilizing AxSTREAM software.
NOMENCLATURE AND GLOSSARY
Variables
| G
|
mass flow rate
|
| Ht
= Δucu/u2
|
load factor
|
| R
|
reaction
|
| D
|
diameter
|
| P
|
pressure
|
| T
|
temperature
|
| PR
|
pressure ratio
|
| l
|
blade length
|
| n
|
speed of rotation
|
| u
|
tangential velocity
|
| α
|
flow angle in absolute frame
|
| eff_tt
|
isentropic (total-to-total) efficiency
|
Subscripts
| 0
|
at the stage inlet, at the beginning of
the process
|
| 1,2,3
|
in the 1,2,3 sections
|
| s
|
meridian
|
| z
|
axial
|
| tt
|
total to total
|
Superscripts
|
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INTRODUCTION
Turbomachinery flow path creation using an
integrated conceptual design environment (IE) allows the
designer to shorten the design development process
significantly, thereby decreasing engineering costs and
improving productivity. It gives an opportunity to review
a large number of variants and design parameters to
realize optimum results. [1-4].
This article is devoted to describing new a approach
for developing turbomachinery design systems, IE
components that work for various turbomachinery design
platforms, and new subsystem elements for radial
turbomachinery conceptual design.
Initially, IE was developed for axial turbines (mainly
steam). Later, it was expanded for gas turbines
(especially blade cooling calculations) and axial
compressors via plug-in modules. The new challenge
designers face today is developing mixed flow
machinery. These new design system must be flexible
and have the capabilities to develop axial, radial and
mixed flow machinery at the same IE. As a result of our
research, two main requirements were specified for the
system: the majority of modules must be compatible with
every type of turbomachinery, and specific modules must
be able to run simultaneously (axial and radial turbine,
axial and radial compressor). It turned out that invariant
modules (project data access, graphical display of
information, multi-choice calculation and optimization,
import/export, etc. possibilities) can work for any
platform. Also, we determined that conceptual design
modules for centrifugal and mixed flow machines would
fit extremely well within the IE structure prototype that
worked for axial machinery. Concurrently this IE
approach and integration can be extended to blade
(impeller) 3D profiling, stress analysis, and 3D Flow
analysis.
In the first section of this article, the architecture of a
new integrated system for turbomachinery conceptual
design is described. Then, the preliminary design
procedures of the radial turbomachinery stages are set
forth, followed by 1D calculations on design and on offdesign
mode. The next part presents 3D blade design
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